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Mature airway epithelium
A mature airway epithelium derived from a single dedifferentiated secretory cell that has been expanded ex vivo as a stem cell and then subsequently differentiated on an air-liquid interface. Cilia are stained for acetylated tubulin (red) and secretory cells are stained with SCGB1A1 (green) and nuclei are blue (DAPI).

Secretory Club epithelial cells
The secretory Club epithelial cells generated ex vivo from mouse embryonic stem cells (mESC) after subcutaneous engraftment of airway progenitors in an immunodeficient mouse. Red staining is NKX2.1, a specific transcription factor for airway epithelia, green staining is Clara cell secretory protein 1a1 (CCSP) indicative of Club cells. Blue is the DNA staining.

Airway epithelium
The airway epithelium (including ciliated cells and secretory cells) generated in vitro from expanded patient primary tracheal airway stem cells. Green staining is acetylated tubulin indicative of ciliated cells, while red staining is Clara cell secretory protein 1a1 (CCSP) indicative of secretory cells.

Ciliated epithelial cells
The ciliated epithelial cells generated ex vivo from mouse embryonic stem cells (mESC) after subcutaneous engraftment of airway progenitors in an immunodeficient mouse. Red staining is NKX2.1, a specific transcription factor for airway epithelia, green staining is acetylated tubulin indicative of ciliated cells. Blue is the DNA staining.

Basal-Clara

Secretory epithelial cells

Influenza Epithelium
Airway epithelium from Influenza (flu) virus infected lung populated with stem cells that migrated from far distances (keratin-5 staining in green).

Pseudo-sphere
Pseudo-colored spheres that were generated from the culture of single mature cell that go on to dedifferentiate into stem cells.

Sphere of cultured cell
Sphere generated from the culture of single mature cell that go on to dedifferentiate into basal stem cells (Keratin-5 staining in green). Nuclei are blue based upon DAPI staining.

Airway epithelium
Green staining is Foxi1-GFP. Magenta staining is acetylated tubulin merged

Mature airway epithelium
A mature airway epithelium derived from a single dedifferentiated secretory cell that has been expanded ex vivo as a stem cell and then subsequently differentiated on an air-liquid interface. Cilia are stained for acetylated tubulin (red) and secretory cells are stained with SCGB1A1 (green) and nuclei are blue (DAPI).

Secretory Club epithelial cells
The secretory Club epithelial cells generated ex vivo from mouse embryonic stem cells (mESC) after subcutaneous engraftment of airway progenitors in an immunodeficient mouse. Red staining is NKX2.1, a specific transcription factor for airway epithelia, green staining is Clara cell secretory protein 1a1 (CCSP) indicative of Club cells. Blue is the DNA staining.

Airway epithelium
The airway epithelium (including ciliated cells and secretory cells) generated in vitro from expanded patient primary tracheal airway stem cells. Green staining is acetylated tubulin indicative of ciliated cells, while red staining is Clara cell secretory protein 1a1 (CCSP) indicative of secretory cells.

Ciliated epithelial cells
The ciliated epithelial cells generated ex vivo from mouse embryonic stem cells (mESC) after subcutaneous engraftment of airway progenitors in an immunodeficient mouse. Red staining is NKX2.1, a specific transcription factor for airway epithelia, green staining is acetylated tubulin indicative of ciliated cells. Blue is the DNA staining.

Basal-Clara

Secretory epithelial cells

Influenza Epithelium
Airway epithelium from Influenza (flu) virus infected lung populated with stem cells that migrated from far distances (keratin-5 staining in green).

Pseudo-sphere
Pseudo-colored spheres that were generated from the culture of single mature cell that go on to dedifferentiate into stem cells.

Sphere of cultured cell
Sphere generated from the culture of single mature cell that go on to dedifferentiate into basal stem cells (Keratin-5 staining in green). Nuclei are blue based upon DAPI staining.

Airway epithelium
Green staining is Foxi1-GFP. Magenta staining is acetylated tubulin merged

Mature airway epithelium
A mature airway epithelium derived from a single dedifferentiated secretory cell that has been expanded ex vivo as a stem cell and then subsequently differentiated on an air-liquid interface. Cilia are stained for acetylated tubulin (red) and secretory cells are stained with SCGB1A1 (green) and nuclei are blue (DAPI).

Secretory Club epithelial cells
The secretory Club epithelial cells generated ex vivo from mouse embryonic stem cells (mESC) after subcutaneous engraftment of airway progenitors in an immunodeficient mouse. Red staining is NKX2.1, a specific transcription factor for airway epithelia, green staining is Clara cell secretory protein 1a1 (CCSP) indicative of Club cells. Blue is the DNA staining.

Airway epithelium
The airway epithelium (including ciliated cells and secretory cells) generated in vitro from expanded patient primary tracheal airway stem cells. Green staining is acetylated tubulin indicative of ciliated cells, while red staining is Clara cell secretory protein 1a1 (CCSP) indicative of secretory cells.

Ciliated epithelial cells
The ciliated epithelial cells generated ex vivo from mouse embryonic stem cells (mESC) after subcutaneous engraftment of airway progenitors in an immunodeficient mouse. Red staining is NKX2.1, a specific transcription factor for airway epithelia, green staining is acetylated tubulin indicative of ciliated cells. Blue is the DNA staining.

Basal-Clara

Secretory epithelial cells

Influenza Epithelium
Airway epithelium from Influenza (flu) virus infected lung populated with stem cells that migrated from far distances (keratin-5 staining in green).

Pseudo-sphere
Pseudo-colored spheres that were generated from the culture of single mature cell that go on to dedifferentiate into stem cells.

Sphere of cultured cell
Sphere generated from the culture of single mature cell that go on to dedifferentiate into basal stem cells (Keratin-5 staining in green). Nuclei are blue based upon DAPI staining.

Airway epithelium
Green staining is Foxi1-GFP. Magenta staining is acetylated tubulin merged
The Rajagopal Lab
Our laboratory focuses on organ regeneration and the application of developmental biology to human disease.
We utilize the lung as a model system, in part due to the abundance of respiratory diseases of unknown causes and without cures.
Our Research
We gratefully acknowledge support from the following organizations






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